Nanocellulose for Sustainable Water Purification
– Rasel Das,Rasel DasDepartment of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
– Tom Lindström*,Tom Lindström*Email:Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United StatesKTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm 100 44, Sweden [[email protected]] .Tel: +46-70-6570194.More by [Tom Lindström]
– Priyanka R.Sharma,Priyanka R.SharmaDepartment of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
– Kai Chi, andKai ChiDepartment of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
– Benjamin S.Hsiao*Benjamin S.
Hsiao*Email:Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States [[email protected]] .Tel: +1-631-632-7793.
Abstract
Nanocelluloses (NC) are nature-based sustainable biomaterials, which not only possess cellulosic properties but also have the important hallmarks of nanomaterials, such as large surface area, versatile reactive sites or functionalities, and scaffolding stability to host inorganic nanoparticles.This class of nanomaterials offers new opportunities for a broad spectrum of applications for clean water production that were once thought impractical.
This Review covers substantial discussions based on evaluative judgments of the recent literature and technical advancements in the fields of coagulation/flocculation, adsorption, photocatalysis, and membrane filtration for water decontamination through proper understanding of fundamental knowledge of NC, such as purity, crystallinity, surface chemistry and charge, suspension rheology, morphology, mechanical properties, and film stability.To supplement these, discussions on low-cost and scalable NC extraction, new characterizations including solution small-angle X-ray scattering evaluation, and structure–property relationships of NC are also reviewed.
Identifying knowledge gaps and drawing perspectives could generate guidance to overcome uncertainties associated with the adaptation of NC-enabled water purification technologies.Furthermore, the topics of simultaneous removal of multipollutants disposal and proper handling of post/spent NC are discussed.
We believe NC-enabled remediation nanomaterials can be integrated into a broad range of water treatments, greatly improving the cost-effectiveness and sustainability of water purification.
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